1. Check for retained primitive reflexes

Primitive reflexes are automatic movements that develop during pregnancy and are typically inhibited as the brain matures. Retained primitive reflexes can affect behaviour and learning. Some key reflexes to check for:

  • Moro Reflex: Sudden noise or movement causes the child to throw arms out and cry.
  • Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR): When the head turns to one side, the arm on that side stretches out, and the opposite arm bends.
  • Spinal Galant Reflex: Stroking the lower back next to the spine causes the hips to move toward the stimulus.
  • Palmar Grasp Reflex: Stroking the palm causes the fingers to close. If these reflexes are present beyond the typical age (6-12 months), it may indicate developmental delays.
https://www.accesspotential.net

Specialist in Retained Primitive Reflexes: Bob Allen

2. Hearing and vision tests:

Ensure there are no sensory impairments contributing to the child’s behaviour

3. Check for sleep disorders:

Conditions such as sleep apnea can lead to daytime sleepiness and inattention.

4. Differential diagnosis

  • Selective Mutism: Characterized by a child's inability to speak in certain social situations, it can be mistaken for ADHD due to poor school performance.
  • Hypothyroidism: Symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, and difficulty concentrating can resemble ADHD but require different treatment.
  • Epilepsy: Seizures can sometimes be mistaken for inattentive episodes or hyperactivity.
  • Palmar Grasp Reflex: Stroking the palm causes the fingers to close. If these reflexes are present beyond the typical age (6-12 months), it may indicate developmental delays.

5. Identifying coexisting conditions

  • Anxiety Disorders: Symptoms like restlessness, inattention, and difficulty concentrating can overlap with anxiety.
  • Depression: Fatigue, irritability, and poor concentration are common in both depression and ADHD.
  • Learning Disabilities: Dyslexia and other learning disorders can cause difficulties in school similar to those seen in ADHD.
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): : Children with ASD may exhibit hyperactivity, inattention, and social difficulties.

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